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 部分中文奥硝唑处方资料（仅供参考）
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    奥硝唑(ornidazole,ONZ)是第三代硝基咪唑类抗生素，该类抗生素只针对厌氧菌感染，以及原虫、滴虫感染等。其作用机制是，使通过分子的硝基在无氧环境中还原成氨基，或通过自由基的形成，使受体螺旋组织结构断裂，阻断其转录复制而衰亡。过去这类感染一直使用甲硝唑、替硝唑防治。奥硝唑引入临床后，研究人员发现，与替硝唑、甲硝唑等硝基咪唑类药物相比，该品抗感染优势更为明显。这是因为，奥硝唑药效持续时间长，其血浆消除半衰期为14.4小时，高于甲硝唑的8.4小时和替硝唑的12.7小时，可减少患者服药次数，方便使用；致突变和致畸作用低于甲硝唑与替硝唑；在抗厌氧菌感染方面，奥硝唑的最低抑菌浓度和最低杀菌浓度均小于甲硝唑和替硝唑，疗效优于甲硝唑和替硝唑；局部用药疗效好于甲硝唑和替硝唑。
　　奥硝唑最早由美国Hoffer.M等研制成功,于1969年5月25日获美国专利。随后Hoffer.M等将其转让给Hoffmann-LaRocheandCo(瑞士)公司，Roche公司于1977年~1983年先后在德国、法国、意大利、瑞士、澳大利亚、瑞典等国以商品名“Tiberal”上市，剂型有片剂、胶囊剂和注射液。奥硝唑在细菌性阴道病治疗中作用明显，是治疗细菌性阴道病最有效的药物。此外，该品还可治疗子宫内膜炎、子宫肌炎、输卵管或卵巢脓肿、盆腔软组织感染等。

成人常用量：口服 阿米巴病 0.5 g bid，5-10天。阿米巴痢疾 1.5 g qd，3天。贾第鞭毛虫病 1-1.5 g qd，1-2天。 滴虫病1.5 g qd，5天。性伴侣同时治疗。 静脉给药 严重阿米巴痢疾和阿米巴肝囊肿 初始剂量：0.5-1 g，然后0.5 g，12小时一次，3-6天。 厌氧菌感染 初始剂量： 0.5-1 g，然后1 g/天，分1-2次给药，5-10天。 尽快改为 500 mg，12小时一次口服。预防手术感染 1 g ，手术前30分钟给药。

禁忌：对奥硝唑或其它硝基咪唑衍生物过敏者禁用。
 
注意事项：肾和肝损害，中枢神经系统疾病如癫痫或多发性硬化，妊娠哺乳期妇女慎用。影响驾车和机械操作能力。

不良反应：思睡, 头痛, 恶心, 呕吐, 头晕, 震颤, 僵硬, 协调性差, 惊厥, 疲劳, 眩晕，短暂意识丧失，感觉神经或混合型周围神经病变, 味觉异常, 肝功异常, 皮肤反应。

药物相互作用：增强香豆素类口服抗凝剂的作用。延长维库溴铵的肌肉松弛作用。
严重药物相互作用: 增强香豆素类口服抗凝剂的作用。延长维库溴铵的肌肉松弛作用。

MIMS药物分类：其它抗生素 (Other Antibiotics) / 抗阿米巴病药 (Antiamoebics)

What is Ornidazole (Dazolic)?
Ornidazole is a type of concomitant administration of oral anticoagulants may increase the risk of hemorrhage due to diminished hepatic metabolism. Ornidazole belongs to category of concomitant administration of oral anticoagulants may increase the risk of hemorrhage due to diminished hepatic metabolism, drugs.

It is a 5 nitroimidazole derivative. Its antimicrobial actions are similar to metronidazole and is used similarly in the treatment of susceptible protozoal infections and prophylaxis of anaerobic bacterial infections.

Ornidazole is a drug that cures some protozoan infections. It is used by the poultry industry. It has been investigated for use in Crohn’s disease after bowel resection. This drug is commonly sold as Brand Name Dazolic.

Indication/Contraindication for use of Ornidazole (Dazolic)
Severe intestinal and hepatic amoe biasis, giardiasis, trichomoniasis of urogenital tract, bacterial vaginosis, treatment of susceptible anaerobic infections.
Hypersensitivity to ornidazole and other imidazoles.
Side Effects of  Ornidazole (Dazolic)
Nausea, pain in the abdomen, vertigo, headache, skin rash are generally reported.

Dosage and Prescribing Information for Ornidazole (Dazolic)
Amoebiasis: Adults: 500mg twice a day orally for 5 days. Children: 10-25 mg/kg body weight in two divided doses. Amoebic dysentery: Adults: 1.5 gms orally once a day for 3 days. Children: 40 mg/kg body weight, once a day for 3 days. Giardiasis: Adults: 1.5 g, once daily for 12 days. Children: 40mg/kg body weight for 2 days. Trichomoniasis: 1.5 gm once orally or 500mg twice a day for 5 days. Bacterial vaginosis: 3 tablets of 500rng each as a single dose. Or one tablet of 500mg once daily for 5-7 days.

Drug Interactions of Ornidazole (Dazolic)
Concomitant administration of oral anticoagulants may increase the risk of hemorrhage due to diminished hepatic metabolism,

Precautions while prescribing Ornidazole (Dazolic)
Pregnancy & Lactation: To be used only if the potential benefits justifies the potential risk to foetus/ neonate.
In patients with ataxia, vertigo and mental confusion, Ornidazole should be given with caution because the drug has been occasionally reported to aggravate neurological complications in patients with central and peripheral ner vous system disorders.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201032321380728.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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