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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201081021244811.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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部分中文Rebetol处方资料（仅供参考）

【中文品名】利巴韦林

【药效类别】抗病毒药

【通用药名】RIBAVIRIN

【别　　名】三氮唑核苷, Rebetol, Tribavirin, Ribamidil, Vilona, Viramid, Virazide, Virazole, Virustaz

【化学名称】1-β-D-Ribofuranosyl-1H-1,2,4-triazole-3-carboxamide

【用　　途】
　　用于流感病人，于金刚乙胺具有相同疗效，提高了症状的治疗效果，并减少了流感并发症的发生；还有抗hanta病毒、疱疹和其它传染性疾病的作用。其气雾剂用于由呼吸道合孢体病毒（RSV）引起的下呼吸道感染；霜剂用于带状疱疹和外生殖器炎。

【不良反应】
　　本品不良反应较少，且多为可逆性。①贫血、白细胞减少。②皮疹、腹泻、胃肠道出血。③血清胆红素升高。

【注意事项】
1. 孕妇禁用，对本品过敏者禁用。连用不超过7日。 　　
2. 有严重贫血、肝功能异常者慎用。 　　
3. 对诊断的干扰：口服本品后引起血胆红素增高者可达25%。大剂量可引起血红蛋白下降。 　　
4. 尽早用药：呼吸道合胞病毒性肺炎病初3日内给药一般有效本品不宜用于未经实验室确诊为呼吸道合胞病毒感染的患者。 　　
5. 长期或大量用药对肝功能、血象有不良反应。

Rebetol
Generic Name: ribavirin (oral) (rye ba VYE rin)
Brand Names: Copegus, Rebetol, RibaPak, Ribasphere, RibaTab

What is Rebetol?
Rebetol is an antiviral medication.

Rebetol must be used together with an interferon alfa product (such as Peg-Intron or Intron A) to treat chronic hepatitis C.

Rebetol may also be used for other purposes not listed in this medication guide.

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Important information about Rebetol
Rebetol is not effective when used alone to treat hepatitis C. Rebetol must be used together with an interferon alfa product (such as Peg-Intron or Intron A) to treat chronic hepatitis C. This medication can cause birth defects or death in an unborn baby.

If you are a woman, do not take Rebetol if you are pregnant.
If you are a man, do not take Rebetol if your female sexual partner is pregnant. An unborn baby could also be harmed if a man fathers the child while he is taking Rebetol.
Use at least two effective forms of birth control while either sexual partner is taking this medication, and for at least 6 months after treatment ends.
Tell your doctor right away if a pregnancy occurs while either the mother or the father is taking Rebetol.

Rebetol may decrease the number of red blood cells in your body. This is called anemia and it can be life-threatening in people who have heart disease or circulation problems. To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your blood will need to be tested on a regular basis. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.

Call your doctor at once if you have pale or yellowed skin, dark colored urine, fever, confusion, chest pain, shortness of breath, or weakness. These may be signs of serious anemia.

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Before taking Rebetol
You should not take Rebetol if you are allergic to ribavirin, or if you have:
severe liver disease;
autoimmune hepatitis;
a hemoglobin disorder such as anemia, thalassemia (Mediterranean anemia), or sickle-cell anemia; or
if you are pregnant woman, or a man whose female sexual partner is pregnant.

If you have certain conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take Rebetol. Before using this medication, tell your doctor if you have:
kidney or liver disease;
hepatitis B infection;
a blood cell disorder;
cancer;
psoriasis;
diabetes;
sarcoidosis;
a thyroid disorder;
hepatitis B virus or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV or AIDS);
a history of heart disease, high blood pressure, or a heart attack;
a history of depression or suicide attempt;
a history of drug or alcohol addiction; or
a history of a liver or other organ transplant.
Tell your doctor if you have been treated with interferon in the past and it did not work well in treating your hepatitis C.

This medication can cause birth defects or death in an unborn baby.

If you are a woman, do not take Rebetol if you are pregnant. You will need frequent pregnancy tests to make sure you are not pregnant while taking this medicine.
If you are a man, do not take Rebetol if your female sexual partner is pregnant. An unborn baby could also be harmed if a man fathers the child while he is taking this medicine. Your sexual partner will need frequent pregnancy tests to make sure she is not pregnant while you are taking Rebetol.
Use at least two effective forms of birth control while either sexual partner is taking Rebetol, and for at least 6 months after treatment ends.
Tell your doctor right away if a pregnancy occurs while either the mother or the father is taking this medicine.

Your name may need to be listed on a Rebetol pregnancy registry if you become pregnant while you or your male sexual partner are taking this medication or during the 6 months after treatment ends. The purpose of this registry is to track the outcome of the pregnancy and delivery to evaluate whether Rebetol had any effect on the baby.

It is not known whether ribavirin passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

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How should I take Rebetol?
Take Rebetol exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Rebetol is not effective when used alone to treat hepatitis C. It must be used together with an interferon alfa product (such as Peg-Intron or Intron A) to treat chronic hepatitis C. Take this medicine with food.

Measure the liquid form of Rebetol with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

Rebetol may decrease the number of red blood cells in your body. This is called anemia and it can be life-threatening in people who have heart disease or circulation problems. To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your blood will need to be tested on a regular basis. Your liver and thyroid function may also need to be checked. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.

Call your doctor at once if you have pale or yellowed skin, dark colored urine, fever, confusion, chest pain, shortness of breath, or weakness. These may be signs of serious anemia.
It is important to use Rebetol regularly to get the most benefit. Get your prescription refilled before you run out of medicine completely. You may need to take this medication for many months.

Drink extra fluids while you are taking Rebetol to keep from getting dehydrated, especially during exercise or in hot weather.

Rebetol can cause dry mouth, which could lead to tooth decay or gum disease. If you vomit while taking Rebetol, rinse your mouth out with water to prevent damage to your teeth or gums. Be sure to have regular dental exams while you are taking this medication.

Store ribavirin tablets and capsules at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Store ribavirin liquid (oral solution) in the refrigerator. Do not allow it to freeze.

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What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. If you have not taken the medication for longer than 24 hours, call your doctor for instructions. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

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What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. Overdose symptoms may include easy bruising or bleeding, urinating less than usual or not at all, chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, or a general ill feeling.

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What should I avoid while taking Rebetol?
Treatment with Rebetol does not prevent spread of the hepatitis C virus to other people. Follow your doctor's instructions about how to prevent passing the disease to another person.

Do not drink alcohol while taking Rebetol. Alcohol can increase the risk of damage to your liver. Rebetol can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.

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Rebetol side effects
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Stop using Rebetol and call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
pale or yellowed skin, dark colored urine, easy bruising or bleeding, confusion, or unusual weakness;
severe depression, hallucinations, thoughts of suicide or hurting yourself;
fever, chills, body aches, flu symptoms, trouble breathing;
severe blistering, peeling, and red skin rash;
blood diarrhea, or black tarry stools;
chest pain or heavy feeling, pain spreading to the arm or shoulder, nausea, sweating, general ill feeling; or
severe pain in your upper stomach spreading to your back, nausea and vomiting, fast heart rate.

Less serious Rebetol side effects may include:
feeling tired or irritable;
dry mouth, cough;
headache, dizziness;
hearing or vision problems;
hair loss, dry skin, rash, itching;
joint or muscle pain; or
sleep problems (insomnia).

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Call your doctor for medical advice about side effects. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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What other drugs will affect Rebetol?
Before taking Rebetol, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:
abacavir (Ziagen);
didanosine (Videx);
lamivudine (Combivir, Epivir, Epzicom, Trizivir);
stavudine (Zerit);
tenofovir (Viread);
zalcitabine (Hivid); or
zidovudine (Retrovir, AZT).

This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with Rebetol. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

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Where can I get more information?
Your pharmacist can provide more information about Rebetol.

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What does my medication look like?
Ribavirin is available with a prescription under the brand names Rebetol and Copegus. Other brand or generic formulations may also be available. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about this medication, especially if it is new to you.

Rebetol 200 mg - white, opaque capsules
Rebetol Oral Solution 40 mg-mL - clear, colorless to light yellow, bubblegum-flavored solution
Copegus 200 mg - pink, oval-shaped, film-coated tablets

Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with other, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201081021244811.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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2010年8月11日更新