药品信息:
--------------------------------------------------------------- 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件(201132121495627.pdf)的“原文Priscribing Information”为准 --------------------------------------------------------------- 部分中文制霉菌素处方资料(仅供参考)
分类名称 一级分类:抗生素 二级分类:抗真菌药 三级分类: 药品英文名 Nysfungin 药品别名 米可定、耐丝菌素、制真霉素、制霉菌素、Fungicidin、Mycostatin、Nilstat、Nystatin、Nystatine 药物剂型 1.片剂:10万U,25万U,50万U; 2.泡腾片:10万U; 3.混悬液:制霉菌素100万U加适量甘油、蒸馏水制成100ml; 4.软膏:1g:10万U; 5.滴耳液:1ml:5万U; 6.滴眼液:1ml:2000万U; 7.栓剂:10万U; 8.吸入剂:1g:10万U; 9.漱口剂:1ml:10万U。 药理作用 本药为多烯类抗真菌药。含有制霉菌素A1、A2和多真菌素B。本药可与真菌细胞膜上的固醇相结合,产生细胞膜通透性的改变,以致重要的细胞内容物漏失从而起抗真菌作用。本药为广谱抗真菌药。白色念珠菌、新型隐球菌、曲菌、毛癣菌和小孢子菌对本药敏感。此外,本药对组织胞浆菌、皮炎芽生菌、球孢子菌等也有抗菌活性。其抗菌谱与两性霉素B相似,但抗菌作用较弱。 药动学 口服本药后胃肠道不吸收,几乎全部自粪便中以药物原形排出。局部外用也不被皮肤和黏膜吸收。局部用药治疗念珠菌病,用药后24~72h达最大效应。 适应证 本药适用于黏膜皮肤念珠菌病的治疗,包括口服该药治疗肠道或食管念珠菌病;局部用药治疗口腔念珠菌感染、阴道念珠菌病和皮肤念珠菌病。 禁忌证 对制霉菌素及其任何成分过敏者禁用。 注意事项 1.口服混悬液时,将药液尽可能较长时间含于口中或在口腔中漱用,然后吞服。 2.为防止复发,患者应服药至症状消失后48h。 3.念珠菌感染常发生于免疫功能低下患者,如长期用肾上腺皮质激素或肿瘤用化疗、放疗患者,易发生口腔念珠菌感染,可间断短程局部用药。 不良反应 1.局部用药刺激不大,阴道用栓剂者个别可引起白带增多。 2.口服较大剂量时可发生腹泻、恶心、呕吐、胃痛。 用法用量 1.成人:(1)口服给药:消化道念珠菌病:每天200万~400万U,分3~4次服。(2)局部用药:①口腔念珠菌病:用甘油混悬液涂用,每天多次,每次10ml;②皮肤念珠菌病:用软膏涂患处,每天2次;③阴道念珠菌病:用阴道片或栓剂,每晚1~2粒(或片);④耳真菌病:用滴耳液滴耳,每天2~3次;⑤膀胱感染:多聚醛制霉菌素钠5万单位溶于40~200ml生理盐水中,进行膀胱冲洗,每天2次。医学. 2.儿童口服给药:(1)消化道念珠菌病:每千克体重5万~10万U,分3~4次服,连服7~10天。(2)口腔念珠菌病:每天10万~20万U,分4次服用。连服7~10天。 药物相应作用 长期使用抗生素、肾上腺皮质激素、免疫抑制剂或体质虚弱者、免疫缺陷患者(如粒细胞缺乏者)、肿瘤患者应用细胞毒类药物均易发生真菌感染,必要时可考虑短疗程(5天左右)口服制霉菌素以防止念珠菌病的发生。
专家点评 本品是一种四烯类多组分抗真菌药。可与真菌细胞膜上的麦甾醇相结合,妨碍其渗透性,从而起到抗真菌作用。对念珠菌、隐球菌和滴虫均有较强的抑制作用。由于口服不吸收,故主要用于肠道及其黏膜部位以及皮肤的白色念珠菌感染。据国内报道本品主要用于治疗消化系统及皮肤黏膜念珠菌感染、支气管或膀胱真菌病,效果显著,有效率在80%以上。但静脉注射毒性大,口服不易吸收,不适用于全身感染,白色念珠菌对本品可产生耐药性。 NILSTAT® Drug Name: NILSTAT
NILSTAT DESCRIPTION: NYSTATIN LIQUID - ORAL (NYE-stat-in)
COMMON NILSTAT BRAND NAME(S): Mycostatin, Nilstat, Nystex
NILSTAT SIDE EFFECTS: You may experience diarrhea, nausea, gas, or vomiting as your body adjusts to the medication. If these symptoms persist or get worse contact your doctor. If you notice other effects not listed above, contact your doctor or pharmacist.
HOW TO USE NILSTAT: NILSTAT: Unless your doctor instructs you otherwise, use as follows: Place one-half of the dose in one side of the mouth. Swish it around the mouth, gargle and swallow. Retain the liquid in your mouth for as long as possible before swallowing. Then repeat with the remaining half of the dose in the other side of the mouth. It may take from several days to several months to complete treatment. This depends upon the type and location of the infection. Continue to take NILSTAT until the full prescribed amount is finished even if symptoms disappear after a few days. Stopping the medication too early may allow the infection to continue, resulting in a return of the infection.
NILSTAT USES: NILSTAT is used to treat fungal infections of various organ systems of the body.
NILSTAT PRECAUTIONS: NILSTAT should be used cautiously during pregnancy only if clearly needed. It is not known if this medication appears in breast milk. Consult with your doctor before breast-feeding.
NILSTAT DRUG INTERACTIONS: Tell your doctor if you are taking any other medicine including nonprescription products. Do not start or stop any medicine without doctor or pharmacist approval.
NILSTAT OVERDOSE: If overdose is suspected, contact your local poison control center or emergency room immediately.
NILSTAT NOTES: NILSTAT is prescribed for your current condition only. Do not use it for another infection or share it with someone else. Another infection later on may require a different medicine.
MISSED NILSTAT DOSE: If you miss a dose, take it as soon as remembered. If it is almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and resume your regular schedule. Do not "double-up" the doses.
NILSTAT STORAGE: Store between 59 and 86 degrees F (15 to 30 degrees C). Do not freeze.
--------------------------------------------------------------- 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件(201132121495627.pdf)的“原文Priscribing Information”为准 ---------------------------------------------------------------
2011-3-22更新 |