美国FDA近日批准Mutual制药公司的Colcrys（秋水仙碱）用于治疗急性痛风发作和家族性地中海热（FMF）。该药的活性成份为秋水仙碱，是一种来源于植物秋藏红花或秋水仙干燥种子的复杂化合物。
     以往医生都采取每小时用一次秋水仙碱的方法治疗急性痛风发作，直到病情减轻或患者出现胃肠道问题而不得不停止治疗。提交给FDA审批的研究材料显示，在治疗急性痛风发作时，初次给药１ｈ后给予单次附加剂量的效果与持续性每小时给药的疗效相当，而毒性则低了许多。因此，该药被批准用于治疗急性痛风发作时，采用的是较低剂量推荐方案。秋水仙碱用于急性痛风治疗的历史可追溯到公元前，1939年，一种由秋水仙碱及促进尿液中尿酸排泄的介质组成的复合制剂用于急性痛风通过美国FDA审批，但是从未有秋水仙碱单一成分药物获批用于该病的治疗。
    FMF是最常见的遗传性周期热综合征，其特征为发热、关节炎以及肺部和腹部粘膜层痛性炎症的周期性发作。该病在美国罕见，但在地中海国家较常见。传统使用秋水仙碱治疗FMF已有多年，但这一治疗方法从未被正式批准。Colcrys是首个被批准用于治疗FMF的秋水仙碱药物。

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（2009102817505110.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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Generic Name: colchicine
Date of Approval: July 29, 2009
Company: Mutual Pharmaceutical Company, Inc.
Treatment for: Gout; Familial Mediterranean Fever
FDA Approves Colcrys
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration has approved Colcrys to treat acute flairs in patients with gout, a recurrent and painful form of arthritis, and patients with familial Mediterranean fever (FMF), an inherited inflammatory disorder. The medication’s active ingredient is colchicine, a complex compound derived from the dried seeds of a plant known as the autumn crocus or meadow saffron (Colchicum autumnale).
Colchicine has been used by healthcare practitioners for many years to treat gout but had not been approved by the FDA.
Physicians historically have given colchicine hourly for acute gout flares until the flare subsided or they had to stop treatment because the patient began experiencing gastrointestinal problems. A dosing study required as part of FDA approval demonstrated that one dose initially and a single additional dose after one hour was just as effective as continued hourly dosing for acute gout flares, but much less toxic. As a result, the drug is being approved for acute gout flares with the lower recommended dosing regimen.
The FDA is alerting healthcare professionals to this new dosing regimen and also warning about the potential for severe drug interactions when patients take colchicine.
The medicinal value of using colchicum was first identified in the first century A.D. and its use for treating acute gout dates back to 1810. Physicians have prescribed the medication since then. Although single-ingredient colchicine has not been approved by the FDA until now, a combination product containing colchicine and an agent that increased the excretion of uric acid in the urine was approved by the FDA in 1939.
FMF is the most common of the hereditary periodic fever syndromes and is characterized by recurrent episodes of fever, arthritis and painful inflammation of the lining layers of the lungs and abdomen. Though rare in the United States, it is more common in Mediterranean countries. Physicians have prescribed colchicine for FMF for many years based on studies showing that it reduced the frequency of attacks but use of colchicine for FMF had never been approved. With this approval, Colcrys becomes the first drug approved to treat FMF.
Read the Medication Guide that comes with Colcrys before you start taking it and each time you get a refill. There may be new information. This Medication Guide does not take the place of talking to your healthcare provider about your medical condition or treatment. You and your healthcare provider should talk about Colcrys when you start taking it and at regular checkups.
What is the most important information I should know about Colcrys?Colcrys can cause serious side effects or even death if Colcrys levels are too high in your body. Keep Colcrys out of the reach of children.
Tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions, including if you have kidney or liver problems. Your dose of Colcrys may need to be changed.
Certain medicines when taken with Colcrys can cause the levels of Colcrys to be too high in your body.
It is important for you to tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and non-prescription medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements. Colcrys and other medicines may affect each other causing serious side effects or even death. Do not start taking a new medicine without telling your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
Even medications that you might take for a short period of time, such as antibiotics, can interact with Colcrys and cause serious side effects or death.
Especially tell your healthcare provider if you take:
clarithromycin (Biaxin)
telithromycin (Ketek)
cyclosporine (Neoral, Gengraf, Sandimmune)
ketoconazole (Nizoral)
itraconazole (Sporanox)
HIV protease inhibitors
nefazodone (Serzone)
This is not a complete list of all the medicines that can interact with Colcrys. Talk to your healthcare provider or pharmacist to find out if taking Colcrys with the other medicines you are taking could be dangerous.
Talk to your healthcare provider before taking any new medicine.
Colcrys is not a pain medicine and it should not be taken to treat pain related to other conditions unless specifically prescribed for those conditions.
Know the medicines you take. Keep a list of them and show it to your healthcare provider and pharmacist when you get a new medicine.
What is Colcrys?Colcrys is a prescription medicine used to treat
gout flares when taken at the first sign of a flare
familial Mediterranean fever (FMF)
Colcrys is only for adults with gout flares or FMF and for children age four or older with FMF.
Who should not take Colcrys?Do not take Colcrys if you have liver or kidney problems and you take certain other medicines. Serious side effects, including death, have been reported in these patients even when taken as directed. See "What is the most important information I should know about Colcrys?"
What should I tell my healthcare provider before starting Colcrys?See "What is the most important information I should know about Colcrys?"
Before you take Colcrys tell your healthcare provider about all your medical conditions including if you:
have liver or kidney problems
are pregnant or plan to become pregnant. It is not known if Colcrys will harm your unborn baby. Talk to your healthcare provider if you are pregnant or plan to become pregnant.
are breast-feeding or plan to breast-feed. Colcrys passes into your breast milk. You and your healthcare provider should decide if you will take Colcrys or breast-feed. If you take Colcrys and breast-feed, you should talk to your child’s healthcare provider about how to watch for side effects in your child.
Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including ones that you may only be taking for a short time, such as antibiotics. See "What is the most important information I should know about Colcrys?" Do not start a new medicine without talking to your healthcare provider.
Using Colcrys with certain other medicines, such as cholesterol-lowering medications and digoxin, can affect each other causing serious side effects. Your healthcare provider may need to change your dose of Colcrys. Talk to your healthcare provider about whether the medications you are taking might interact with Colcrys, and what side effects to look for.
How should I take Colcrys?Take Colcrys exactly as your healthcare provider tells you to take it. If you are not sure about your dosing, call your healthcare provider.
Colcrys can be taken with or without food.
If you take too much Colcrys go to the nearest hospital emergency room right away.
If you miss a dose of Colcrys, take it as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, just skip the missed dose. Take the next dose at your regular time. Do not take 2 doses at the same time.
Do not stop taking Colcrys even if you start to feel better, unless your healthcare provider tells you.
Your healthcare provider may do blood tests while you take Colcrys.
What should I avoid while taking Colcrys?Avoid eating grapefruit or drinking grapefruit juice while taking Colcrys. It can increase your chances of getting serious side effects.
What are the possible side effects of Colcrys?Colcrys can cause serious side effects or even cause death. See "What is the most important information I should know about Colcrys?"
Get medical help right away, if you have:
Muscle weakness or pain
Numbness or tingling in your fingers or toes
Unusual bleeding or bruising
Increased infections
Feel weak or tired
Pale or gray color to your lips, tongue, or palms of your hands
Severe diarrhea or vomiting
The most common side effect of Colcrys is diarrhea.
Tell your healthcare provider if you have any side effect that bothers you or that does not go away.
These are not all of the possible side effects of Colcrys. For more information, ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist.
How should I store Colcrys?Store Colcrys at room temperature between 68° and 77° F (20° to 25°C).
Keep Colcrys in a tightly closed container.
Keep Colcrys out of the light.
Keep Colcrys and all medicines out of the reach of children.
General Information about ColcrysMedicines are sometimes prescribed for purposes other than those listed in a Medication Guide. Do not use Colcrys for a condition for which it was not prescribed. Do not give Colcrys to other people, even if they have the same symptoms that you have. It may harm them. This Medication Guide summarizes the most important information about Colcrys. If you would like more information, talk with your healthcare provider. You can ask your healthcare provider or pharmacist for information about Colcrys that is written for healthcare professionals.
What are the ingredients in Colcrys?Active Ingredient: colchicine
Inactive Ingredients: carnauba wax, FD&C blue #2, FD&C red #40, hypromellose, lactose monohydrate, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose, polydextrose, polyethylene glycol, pregelatinized starch, sodium starch glycolate, titanium dioxide, and triacetin.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（2009102817505110.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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更新于2009年10月29日