药品信息:
--------------------------------------------------------------- 部分中文Semprex-D处方资料(仅供参考) ---------------------------------------------------------------
阿伐斯汀 英文品名:acrivastine
名称来源:p-INNList-51,1984;r-INNList-24,1984;
别 名:Semprex, BW270c, BW825c, BWA825c, Semprex-D
化学表述:2-Propenoic acid, 3-[6-[(1E)-1-(4-methylphenyl)-3-(1-pyrrolidinyl)-1-propenyl]-2-pyridinyl]-, (2E)- ,阿伐斯汀;(E)-3-[6-[(E)-1-(4-甲基苯基)-3-吡咯烷-1-基丙-1-烯基]吡啶-2-基]-2-丙烯酸;阿伐司丁;阿伐司汀;(E,E)-3-[6-[1-(对甲苯基)-3-吡咯烷-1-基-1-丙烯基]-2-吡啶基]丙烯酸
用法及用量:口服:成人及12岁以上儿童8mg/次,2~3次/日。
不良反应:罕见嗜睡;偶有皮疹;没有或仅有轻微的病症症状(胃肠道紊乱、头痛及嗜睡)。
禁 忌 证:对本品过敏者禁用。
注意事项:肾功能损害者慎用。同时服用酒精或中枢神经系统抑制剂药物可增加本品的不良反应。服药期间不宜驾驶车辆、管理机器及高空作业。
规格:胶囊剂:8mg;口服剂:2mg/5ml、4mg/5ml。
CA登记号:87848-99-5
分 子 式:C22H24N2O2
品种类别:抗变态反应药>抗组胺药>astine类;
简介:1988年上市(Wellcome, 英国)。抗组织胺药。用于治疗过敏性鼻炎、花粉病、慢性原发性荨麻疹、皮肤划痕症、拟副交感神经性荨麻疹、特异性风冷型荨麻疹。
药效学 给成年人单剂量服用8毫克阿伐斯汀后约30分钟开始有效,这取决于其对组织胺所引起的皮肤划痕和发红的拮抗作用,拮抗发红作用和拮抗皮肤划痕作用的峰效用分别出现在90分钟和2小时。此后拮抗作用缓慢下隆,其明显的抗组胺作用可维持12小时。而过敏性鼻炎症状的缓解是在系统用药1小时内出现。 阿代斯汀从肠道中能被充分吸收,健康成年志愿者服用8毫克后,约1.5小时出现的药物血浆峰浓度约为每毫升150毫微克,血浆半衰期大约为1.5小时。在6天的多剂量研究中没有观察到药物的积聚。 口服吸收完全,难于通过血脑屏障,t1/2为1.5h,抗组胺作用可维持8h,12h后80%以原形从尿中排泄。口服后在肠道被充分吸收,成人服用8mg后,1.5hr出现的药物血浆峰浓度约为150µg/mL,血浆半衰期约为1.5hr。无药物积聚现象。单剂量服用8mg后,约30分钟开始起效,峰效应在90分钟(发红)和2hr(皮肤条痕)出现。有效的抗组织胺活性可维持12hr。本药及其代谢产物主要通过肾排泄,12hr时排泄服用量的80%,其中大部分为药物原型,代谢产物约占服用剂量的1/7。小部分通过肠道排泄(13%)。
副作用 广泛的突变性试验结果表明,阿伐斯汀没有对人类造成遗传的危害。 在大鼠和小鼠的长期研究中,未发现阿伐斯汀有致癌性。 在动物的生育研究里,系统性使用阿伐斯汀没有产生胚胎毒性和致畸作用。 在动物的生育研究里,系统性使用阿伐斯汀没有损害生育能力,亦没有欣民立对人类生育力影响的经验。
其它注意事项 大部分病人使用欣民立后不引起瞌睡,但因每个人对药物的治疗存在个体差异,故应明智地忠告所有从事高警觉性工作的病人,如驾驶汽车或操作机器等,直到他们了解自己对药物的反应。 没有关于人类妊娠期间服用欣民立影响的资料,与其他药物一样,阿伐斯汀不应在妊娠期间服用,除非对母体的治疗价值远超于对胎儿可能造成的危险。 没有资料显示服用阿伐斯汀后在人乳中的浓度。 因服用欣民立而造成瞌睡的报导极其罕见;在临床试验里,欣民立的镇静作用并不比安慰剂大,绝大多数病人使用欣民立治疗不会发生明显的抗胆硷或镇静的副作用。偶有使用欣民立治疗引起皮疹的报告,但这与药物的关系还未确定。 对本药过敏者禁用。孕妇、司机和机械操作者、肾功能损害者慎用,12岁以下儿童禁用。肾功能损害者慎用,肌酐清除率少于50mL/分及血清肌酐多于150微摩尔/升者不推荐使用。用药期间应小心驾驶汽车或操作机器,尤其是同时服用酒精或中枢神经系统抑制剂的病人。对妊娠和哺乳的影响目前尚无足够的妊娠期用药的资料,孕妇只有在利大于弊的情况下方可使用。尚无乳汁中本药浓度的资料。对儿童的影响12岁以下儿童用药的安全性尚未确立。
Semprex-D Oral Generic Name: ANTIHISTAMINES/DECONGESTANTS - ORAL
Semprex-D Oral Uses This combination medication is used to temporarily relieve symptoms caused by the common cold, flu, allergies, or other breathing illnesses (such as sinusitis, bronchitis). Antihistamines help relieve watery eyes, itchy eyes/nose/throat, runny nose, and sneezing. Decongestants help to relieve stuffy nose and ear congestion symptoms.
If you are self-treating with this medication, carefully read the package instructions to be sure it is right for you before you start using this product. Some products have similar brand names but different active ingredients with different uses. Taking the wrong product could harm you. Ask your pharmacist if you have any questions about your product or its use.
Cough-and-cold products have not been shown to be safe or effective in children younger than 6 years. Therefore, do not use this product to treat cold symptoms in children younger than 6 years unless specifically directed by the doctor. Some products (including some long-acting tablets/capsules) are not recommended for use in children younger than 12 years. Ask your doctor or pharmacist for more details about using your product safely. Do not use this product to make a child sleepy.
These products do not cure or shorten the length of the common cold and may cause serious side effects. To decrease the risk for serious side effects, carefully follow all dosage directions. Do not give other cough-and-cold medication that might contain the same or similar ingredients (see also Drug Interactions section). Ask the doctor or pharmacist about other ways to relieve cough and cold symptoms (such as drinking enough fluids, using a humidifier or saline nose drops/spray).
How To Use Semprex-D Oral Take this medication by mouth as directed by your doctor. If you are self-treating, follow all directions on the product package. If you are uncertain about any of the information, ask your doctor or pharmacist.
This medication may be taken with food if stomach upset occurs. Drink plenty of fluids unless otherwise directed by your doctor.
If you are using the liquid form of this medication, carefully measure the dose using a special measuring device/spoon. Do not use a household spoon because you may not get the correct dose. If your liquid form is a suspension, shake the bottle well before each dose.
Do not crush or chew extended-release tablets or capsules. Doing so can release all of the drug at once, increasing the risk of side effects. Also, do not split extended-release tablets unless they have a score line and your doctor or pharmacist tells you to do so. Swallow the whole or split tablet without crushing or chewing.
If you are using chewable tablets, chew each tablet thoroughly before swallowing.
If you are using a product made to dissolve in the mouth (tablets/strips), dry your hands before handling the medication. Place each dose on the tongue and allow to dissolve completely, then swallow it with saliva or with water.
Dosage is based on the product you are taking and your age, medical condition, and response to treatment. Do not increase your dose or take this medication more often than directed without your doctor's approval. Improper use (abuse) of this medication may result in serious harm (such as hallucinations, seizure, death).
If your doctor directs you to take this medication daily, take it regularly to get the most benefit from it. To help you remember, take it at the same time(s) each day.
Tell your doctor if your condition persists for more than 1 week, if it worsens, or if it occurs with fever, rash, or persistent headache. These may be symptoms of a serious medical problem and should be checked by a doctor.
--------------------------------------------------------------- |