温馨提示：此药品为精神类药物，世界药房暂不销售！

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201082001263918.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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部分中文Ativan Expidet处方资料（仅供参考）

【英文名称】Lorazepam  

【中文名称】劳拉西泮; 7-氯-5-(2-氯苯基)-3-羟基-1,3-二氢-2H-1,4-苯二氮卓-2-酮,亦称为罗拉安定、氨羟安定、氨羟去甲安定。

    口服容易吸收，达峰时间为2小时，半衰期为10－20小时。肌内注射吸收稳定，能够透过血脑屏障和胎盘屏障，也可分泌入乳汁，在肝脏代谢，代谢物由尿排出。
    本品具有镇静催眠、抗焦虑、抗癫痫和止吐等作用。可用于治疗焦虑症和进行失眠和癫痫持续状态初期治疗。
    不良反应轻，有镇静、眩晕、倦怠和共济失调等。老年人与肾功能不全者慎用。长期应用可产生依赖性。

【概述】
    本药为短至中效苯二氮 类镇静催眠药，可引起中枢神经系统不同部位的抑制，随着用量的加大，临床表现可自轻度的镇静到催眠甚至昏迷。具有抗焦虑、镇静催眠作用、抗惊厥作用、骨骼肌松弛作用。
    本药口服后1～6小时、肌肉注射1～1.5小时血药浓度达峰值，半衰期为10～20小时；血浆蛋白结合率高达85%；由肝脏代谢，经肾脏由尿液排泄。

【适应证】
（1）焦虑状态。
（2）失眠症。
（3）癫痫持续状态。
（4）癌症化疗时止吐（限注射剂）：有强的止吐作用，可与小剂量奋乃静合用。
（5）紧张性头痛。
（6）麻醉前及内镜检查前的辅助用药。

【应用原则】
（1）大剂量连续使用不应超过2周。
（2）静脉注射速度不超过2 mg/min。深部肌肉注射用于经口内窥镜检查前辅助用药，同时应进行局部麻醉以减少咽部反射性活动。
（3）服药期间不宜饮酒。
（4）吸烟者的使用剂量较不吸烟者要大。

【使用方法】
口服：抗焦虑，1次1～2 mg，1日2～3次。用于催眠，睡前服1～2 mg。
肌肉注射：抗焦虑、镇静催眠：按体重0.05 mg/kg，总量不超过4 mg。
静脉注射：用于癌症化疗止吐：在化疗前30分钟注射1～2 mg，与小剂量奋乃静合用效果更佳，必要时重复给药。静脉注射速度不超过2 mg/min。

【慎用及禁忌】
慎用：
（1）急性酒精中毒者。
（2）有药物滥用或成瘾史者。
（3）癫痫患者。
（4）肝肾功能损害者。
（5）ADHD患者。
（6）低蛋白血症患者。
（7）严重精神抑郁者。
（8）严重慢性阻塞性肺病患者。
（9）重症肌无力患者。
（10）老年患者。
（11）同时使用神经系统药物者，包括吩噻嗪类、巴比妥类、麻醉性镇痛药、抗抑郁药等。
禁用：
（1）对本药过敏者。
（2）急性闭角型青光眼患者、未治疗的开角型青光眼。
（3）睡眠呼吸暂停综合征患者。
（4）严重呼吸功能不全者。
（5）妊娠早期孕妇、小于6个月的儿童。

【不良反应】
（1）常见震颤、眩晕、虚弱、步态不稳。
（2）少见定向障碍、胃肠道症状、头痛和睡眠紊乱。
（3）儿童超量会出现幻视或幻听。
（4）静脉注射可导致静脉炎或静脉血栓形成。
（5）长期用药后突然停药偶可发生惊厥。

【注意事项】
（1）服药后24小时内不宜驾车和操纵机器。
（2）与镇痛药合用，可使血药浓度升高和过度嗜睡。
（3）在麻醉前给药可减少麻醉剂的剂量。
（4）可增强洛沙平、氯氮平的镇静作用，出现流涎和共济失调较多。
（5）与避孕药合用可降低其疗效。
（6）与乙胺嘧啶合用可能导致肝脏毒性。

ATIVAN EXPIDET 1 MG 20 TABLET
Pharmaceutical Companie : WYETH
Generic name : Lorazepam

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What is lorazepam?
Lorazepam is in a group of drugs called benzodiazepines. It affects chemicals in the brain that may become unbalanced and cause anxiety. This results in a reduction in nervous tension.

Lorazepam is used to treat anxiety or anxiety associated with symptoms of depression.

Lorazepam may also be used for purposes other than those listed here.

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Important information about lorazepam
Do not use this medication if you are allergic to lorazepam or to other benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam (Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), clorazepate (Tranxene), diazepam (Valium), or oxazepam (Serax). This medication can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. Do not use lorazepam if you are pregnant.

Before taking lorazepam, tell your doctor if you have any breathing problems, glaucoma, kidney or liver disease, or a history of depression, suicidal thoughts, or addiction to drugs or alcohol.

Do not drink alcohol while taking lorazepam. This medication can increase the effects of alcohol.

Avoid using other medicines that make you sleepy. They can add to sleepiness caused by lorazepam.

Lorazepam may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Lorazepam should never be shared with another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it.

It is dangerous to try and purchase this medicine on the Internet or from vendors outside of the United States. Medications distributed from Internet sales may contain dangerous ingredients, or may not be distributed by a licensed pharmacy. Samples of lorazepam purchased on the Internet have been found to contain haloperidol (Haldol), a potent antipsychotic drug with dangerous side effects.

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Before taking lorazepam
Do not use lorazepam if you have narrow-angle glaucoma, or if you are allergic to lorazepam or to other benzodiazepines, such as alprazolam (Xanax), chlordiazepoxide (Librium), clorazepate (Tranxene), diazepam (Valium), or oxazepam (Serax).

Before taking lorazepam, tell your doctor if you are allergic to any drugs, or if you have:
glaucoma;
asthma, emphysema, bronchitis, chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder (COPD), or other breathing problems;
kidney or liver disease;
a history of depression or suicidal thoughts or behavior; or
a history of drug or alcohol addiction.

If you have any of these conditions, you may need a dose adjustment or special tests to safely take this medication.

FDA pregnancy category D. Lorazepam can cause birth defects in an unborn baby. Do not use lorazepam without your doctor's consent if you are pregnant. Tell your doctor if you become pregnant during treatment. Use an effective form of birth control while you are using this medication. It is not known whether lorazepam passes into breast milk or if it could harm a nursing baby. Do not use this medication without telling your doctor if you are breast-feeding a baby.

The sedative effects of lorazepam may last longer in older adults. Accidental falls are common in elderly patients who take benzodiazepines. Use caution to avoid falling or accidental injury while you are taking lorazepam. Do not give this medication to a child younger than 12 years old.

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How should I take lorazepam?
Take this medication exactly as it was prescribed for you. Do not take the medication in larger amounts, or take it for longer than recommended by your doctor. Follow the directions on your prescription label.

Your doctor may occasionally change your dose to make sure you get the best results from this medication.

Measure the liquid form of lorazepam with a special dose-measuring spoon or cup, not a regular table spoon. If you do not have a dose-measuring device, ask your pharmacist for one.

Lorazepam should be used for only a short time. Do not take this medication for longer than 4 months without your doctor's advice. This medication may be habit-forming and should be used only by the person it was prescribed for. Lorazepam should never be shared with another person, especially someone who has a history of drug abuse or addiction. Keep the medication in a secure place where others cannot get to it. Contact your doctor if this medicine seems to stop working as well in treating your symptoms. Do not stop using lorazepam suddenly without first talking to your doctor. You may need to use less and less before you stop the medication completely.

Your symptoms may return when you stop using lorazepam after using it over a long period of time. You may also have seizures or withdrawal symptoms when you stop using lorazepam. Withdrawal symptoms may include tremor, sweating, muscle cramps, stomach pain, vomiting, unusual thoughts or behavior, and seizure (convulsions).

To be sure this medication is not causing harmful effects, your doctor may need to check your progress on a regular basis. Do not miss any scheduled visits to your doctor.

Store lorazepam at room temperature away from moisture, heat, and light. Store the liquid form of lorazepam in the refrigerator.

Keep track of how many pills have been used from each new bottle of this medicine. Benzodiazepines are drugs of abuse and you should be aware if any person in the household is using this medicine improperly or without a prescription.

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What happens if I miss a dose?
Take the missed dose as soon as you remember. If it is almost time for your next dose, skip the missed dose and take the medicine at your next regularly scheduled time. Do not take extra medicine to make up the missed dose.

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What happens if I overdose?
Seek emergency medical attention if you think you have used too much of this medicine. An overdose of lorazepam can be fatal.

Symptoms of a lorazepam overdose may include extreme drowsiness, confusion, muscle weakness, fainting, or coma.

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What should I avoid while taking lorazepam?
Do not drink alcohol while taking lorazepam. This medication can increase the effects of alcohol. Lorazepam can cause side effects that may impair your thinking or reactions. Be careful if you drive or do anything that requires you to be awake and alert.

Cold or allergy medicine, narcotic pain medicine, sleeping pills, muscle relaxers, and medicine for seizures, depression or anxiety can add to sleepiness caused by lorazepam. Tell your doctor if you regularly use any of these other medicines.

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What are the possible side effects of lorazepam?
Get emergency medical help if you have any of these signs of an allergic reaction to lorazepam: hives; difficulty breathing; swelling of your face, lips, tongue, or throat. Call your doctor at once if you have any of these serious side effects:
confusion, depressed mood, thoughts of suicide or hurting yourself;
hyperactivity, agitation, hostility;
hallucinations; or
feeling light-headed, fainting.

Less serious lorazepam side effects may include:
drowsiness, dizziness, tiredness;
blurred vision;
sleep problems (insomnia);
muscle weakness, lack of balance or coordination;
amnesia or forgetfulness, trouble concentrating;
nausea, vomiting, constipation;
appetite changes; or
skin rash.

This is not a complete list of side effects and others may occur. Tell your doctor about any unusual or bothersome side effect. You may report side effects to FDA at 1-800-FDA-1088.

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What other drugs will affect lorazepam?
Before taking lorazepam, tell your doctor if you are using any of the following drugs:
a barbiturate such as amobarbital (Amytal), butabarbital (Butisol), mephobarbital (Mebaral), secobarbital (Seconal), or phenobarbital (Luminal, Solfoton);
an MAO inhibitor such as isocarboxazid (Marplan), phenelzine (Nardil), rasagiline (Azilect), selegiline (Eldepryl, Emsam), or tranylcypromine (Parnate);
medicines to treat psychiatric disorders, such as chlorpromazine (Thorazine), haloperidol (Haldol), mesoridazine (Serentil), pimozide (Orap), or thioridazine (Mellaril);
narcotic medications such as butorphanol (Stadol), codeine, hydrocodone (Lortab, Vicodin), levorphanol (Levo-Dromoran), meperidine (Demerol), methadone (Dolophine, Methadose), morphine (Kadian, MS Contin, Oramorph), naloxone (Narcan), oxycodone (OxyContin), propoxyphene (Darvon, Darvocet); or
antidepressants such as amitriptyline (Elavil, Etrafon), amoxapine (Asendin), citalopram (Celexa), clomipramine (Anafranil), desipramine (Norpramin), doxepin (Sinequan), escitalopram (Lexapro), fluoxetine (Prozac, Sarafem), fluvoxamine (Luvox), imipramine (Janimine, Tofranil), nortriptyline (Pamelor), paroxetine (Paxil), protriptyline (Vivactil), sertraline (Zoloft), or trimipramine (Surmontil).

This list is not complete and there may be other drugs that can interact with lorazepam. Tell your doctor about all the prescription and over-the-counter medications you use. This includes vitamins, minerals, herbal products, and drugs prescribed by other doctors. Do not start using a new medication without telling your doctor.

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Where can I get more information?
Your pharmacist can provide more information about lorazepam.

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What does my medication look like?
Lorazepam is available with a prescription under the brand name Ativan. Other brand or generic formulations may also be available. Ask your pharmacist any questions you have about this medication, especially if it is new to you.

Ativan 0.5 mg - five-sided, white tablets with a raised "A" on one side
Ativan 1 mg - five-sided, white tablets with a raised "A" on one side
Ativan 2 mg - five-sided, white tablets with a raised "A" on one side

Remember, keep this and all other medicines out of the reach of children, never share your medicines with others, and use this medication only for the indication prescribed.

Every effort has been made to ensure that the information provided by Cerner Multum, Inc. ('Multum') is accurate, up-to-date, and complete, but no guarantee is made to that effect. Drug information contained herein may be time sensitive. Multum information has been compiled for use by healthcare practitioners and consumers in the United States and therefore Multum does not warrant that uses outside of the United States are appropriate, unless specifically indicated otherwise. Multum's drug information does not endorse drugs, diagnose patients or recommend therapy. Multum's drug information is an informational resource designed to assist licensed healthcare practitioners in caring for their patients and/or to serve consumers viewing this service as a supplement to, and not a substitute for, the expertise, skill, knowledge and judgment of healthcare practitioners. The absence of a warning for a given drug or drug combination in no way should be construed to indicate that the drug or drug combination is safe, effective or appropriate for any given patient. Multum does not assume any responsibility for any aspect of healthcare administered with the aid of information Multum provides. The information contained herein is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, warnings, drug interactions, allergic reactions, or adverse effects. If you have questions about the drugs you are taking, check with your doctor, nurse or pharmacist.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件（201082001263918.pdf）的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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2010年8月20日更新