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  药店国别: 香港药房
产地国家: 香港
所属类别: 眼科药物->治疗青光眼药物
处方药:处方药
包装规格: 5毫升/瓶 10瓶/盒
计价单位:
  点击放大  
生产厂家中文参考译名:
Banyu
生产厂家英文名:
Banyu
该药品相关信息网址1:
http://www.netdoctor.co.uk/medicines/100002589.html
原产地英文商品名:
Timoptol 0.5%Ophthalmic Solution 5ml/bottle 10bottles/box
原产地英文药品名:
TIMOLOL MALEATE
中文参考商品译名:
青眼露0.5%灭菌眼药水 5毫升/瓶 10瓶/盒
中文参考药品译名:
马来酸噻吗洛尔
原产地国家批准上市年份:
0000/00/00
英文适应病症1:
Reduce intraocular pressure
英文适应病症2:
Glaucoma
临床试验期:
完成
中文适应病症参考翻译1:
降低眼内压
中文适应病症参考翻译2:
青光眼
药品信息:


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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件(201041321363717.pdf)的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
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部分中文Timoptol处方资料(仅供参考)

TIMOLOL MALEATE(马来酸噻吗洛尔)
  本品主要成分及其化学名称为:主要成分是马来酸噻吗洛尔,其化学名为:(一)-1-(叔丁氨基)-3-[(4-吗啉基-1,2,5-噻二唑-3-基)氧]-2-丙醇顺丁稀二酸盐。
  C13H24N4O3S·C4H4O4,
  分子量:432.49
  性状:本品为无色的澄明液体。
  适应症:对原发性开角型青光眼具有良好的降低眼内压疗效。对于某些继发性青光眼,高眼压症,部分原发性闭角型青光眼以及其他药物及手术无效的青光眼,加用本品滴眼可进一—步增强降眼压效果。
  用法用量:滴眼,一次1滴,一日1—2次,如眼压已控制,可改为一日1次。如原用其他药物,住改用本品治疗时.原药物不宜突然停用,应自滴用本品的第二天起逐渐停用
  禁忌:
  1.支气管哮喘者或有支气管哮喘史者,严重慢性阻塞性肺部疾病。2.窦性心动过缓,II或III度房室传导阻滞,明显心衰,心源性休克。3.对本品过敏者。
  注意事项:
  1.当出现呼吸急促、脉搏明显减慢、过敏等症状时,请立即停止使用本品。2.使用中若出现脑供血不足症状时应立即停药,3.心功能损害者,使用本品时应避免服用钙离子拮抗剂.4.对无心衰史的患者,如出现心衰症状应立即停药。5.正在服用儿茶酚胺耗竭药(如利血平)者,使用本品时应严密观察。6.冠状动脉疾患、糖尿病、甲状腺功能亢进和重症肌无力患者,用本品滴眼时需遵医嘱。7.本品慎用于自发性低血糖患者及接受胰岛素或口服降糖药治疗的患者,因p受体阻滞剂可掩盖低血糖症状。8.本品不宜单独用于治疗闭角型青光眼。9.与其他滴眼液联合使用时,请间隔lO分钟以上。10.定期复查眼压,根据眼压变化调整用药方案11.用前应摇匀,避免容器尖端接触眼睛,防止滴眼液污染。[孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药]本品对于孕妇的安全性尚未确定。滴眼后可在哺乳期妇女乳汁中测到本品,因对授乳婴儿具有多种潜在不良反应.需根据滴用本品对母亲的重要性决定终止哺乳或终止用药,[儿童用药]本品对于儿童的安全性和疗效尚未确定。
  药物相互作用:
  1.与肾上腺素合用可引起瞳孔扩大。2.不主张两种局部p受体阻断剂同时应用。3.本品与钙通道拮抗剂合用应慎重,囚可引起房室传导阻滞,左心室衰竭及低血压。肘心功能受损的患者,应避免两种药合并使用4.正在服用儿茶酚胺耗竭药(如利血平)者,使用本品时应严密观察,因可引起低血压和明显的心动过缓。5.本品与洋地黄类和钙通道拮抗剂合用可进一步延长房室传导时间。 6,本品与奎宁丁合用能引起心率减慢等全身p受休阻断的副作用。可能的原因是奎宁丁可抑制P450酶和CYPZD6对噻吗洛尔的代谢作用。
  药理作用:
  药理作用:马来酸噻吗洛尔是一种非选择性p—肾上腺能受体阻滞剂,没有明显的内源性拟交感活性和局麻作用,对心肌无直接抑制作用。本品为马来酸噻吗洛尔滴眼液.对高眼压患者和正常人均有降低眼内压作用、其降低眼内压的确切机理尚不清楚,眼压描记和房水荧光光度研究提示本品的降眼压作用与减少房水生成有关非临床毒理研究:致癌性:动物实验显示长期大量口服马来酸噻吗洛尔可使雄性大鼠肾卜腺嗜铬细胞瘤,雌性小鼠良性及恶性肺部肿瘤,良性子宫息肉及乳腺痛的发生率明显增高。生殖毒性:动物实验显示大剂量门服马来酸噻吗洛尔,对雄、雌性小鼠的生殖功能均无影响。
    孕妇及哺乳期妇女用药:本品对于孕妇的安全性尚未确定。滴眼后可在哺乳期妇女乳汁中测到本品,因对授乳婴儿具有多种潜在不良反应,需根据滴用本品对母亲的重要性决定终止哺乳或终止用药。
  儿童用药:本品对于儿童的安全性和疗效尚未确定。
  药物相互作用:1.与肾上腺素合用可引起瞳孔扩大。2.不主张两种局部β受体阻断剂同时应用。3.本品与钙通道拮抗剂合用应慎重,因可引起房室传导阻滞,左心室衰竭及低血压。对心功能受损的患者,应避免两种药合并使用。4.正在服用儿茶酚胺耗竭药(如利血平)者,使用本品时应严密观察,因可引起低血压和明显的心动过缓。5.本品与洋地黄类和钙通道拮抗剂合用可进一步延长房室传导时间。6.本品与奎宁丁合用能引起心率减慢等全身β受体阻断的副作用。可能的原因是奎宁丁可抑制P450酶和CYPZD6对噻吗洛尔的代谢作用。
  药物过量:过量应用本品可引起类似全身应用β受体阻断剂的副作用,如头晕,头痛,气短,心动过缓,支气管痉挛及心搏停止。
  包装:聚乙烯塑料眼药瓶。
  贮藏:遮光,密闭保存。
  药物毒理:药理作用: 马来酸噻吗洛尔是一种非选择性β-肾上腺能受体阻滞剂,没有明显的内源性拟交感活性和局麻作用。对心肌无直接抑制作用。本品为马来酸噻码洛尔滴眼液,对高眼压患者和正常人均有降低眼内压作用。其降低眼内压的确切机理尚不清楚,眼压描记和房水荧光光度研 究提示本品的降眼压作用与减少房水生成有关。 非临床毒理研究: 致癌性:动物实验显示长期大量口服马来酸噻吗洛尔可使雄性大鼠肾上腺嗜铬细胞瘤,雌牲小鼠良性及恶性肺部肿瘤,良性子宫息肉及乳腺癌的发生率明显增高。 生殖毒性:动物实验显示大剂量口服马来酸噻吗洛尔,对雄、雌性小鼠的生殖功能均无影响。 
  药代动力学:动物实验显示,用0.5本品对家兔单剂量滴眼,房水和血中的药物峰浓度出现在用药后30分钟,半衰期为1.5小时。全身吸收的马来酸噻吗洛尔在肝内代谢,70%的药物原型随尿排出。对6个接受治疗者的血浆药物浓度测定显示,每日用0.5%本品滴眼2次,早晨滴药后的平均血浆峰浓度为0.46ng/ml,下午滴眼后约为0.35ng/ml.

Timoptol (timolol)
Active ingredient:Timolol maleate

How does it work?
Timoptol eye drops contain the active ingredient timolol maleate, which is a type of medicine called a beta-blocker. It works by blocking beta-receptors in the eye. (NB. Timolol eye drops are also available without a brand name, ie as the generic medicine.)

The pressure within the eyeball is naturally maintained by a continuous flow of liquid called aqueous humour through the eyeball. Aqueous humour is produced by a part of the eye called the ciliary body, and it drains out of the eyeball through channels called the trabecular meshwork. If the outflow of aqueous humour is blocked, the aqueous humour builds up inside the eye, increasing the pressure within the eyeball. This pressure needs to be reduced, as otherwise it can damage the optic nerve and impair vision as a result.

Timolol blocks beta-receptors that are found on the ciliary body. This action reduces the amount of aqueous humour that is secreted into the eyeball by the ciliary body. Timolol also blocks beta-receptors found on the blood vessels that supply the ciliary body. This causes the blood vessels to constrict, and reduces the amount of watery fluid that filters out of the blood vessels to form aqueous humour.

Timolol therefore works by reducing the inflow of aqueous humour into the eyeball, which decreases the pressure within the eye. It is used to treat conditions where there is raised pressure in the eye, such as glaucoma.

Sufficient timolol may be absorbed from the eye into the bloodstream to cause side effects on other parts of the body, or to react with medicines being taken by mouth, injection or suppository. You can minimise the amount of medicine that is absorbed into your bloodstream and increase the local action in the eye, by pressing on your tear duct (the corner of the eye closest to the nose) while putting in the eye drops and for a few minutes after.

Timoptol eye drops are available in metered-dose bottles (Ocumeter) or preservative-free unit-dose vials.

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What is it used for?
Raised pressure within the eye (ocular hypertension)
Open angle glaucoma
Glaucoma caused by another disease of the eye (secondary glaucoma)

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Warning!
This medicine is not to be taken by mouth.

When using these eye drops you should take care to not touch the dropper tip to any surface, or to your eye, in order to avoid contaminating the eye drops.

Timoptol eye drops are sterile until opened. The metered dose bottles contain a preservative that helps keep the eye drops sterile. Any remaining medicine in the bottle should be carefully disposed of four weeks after the first opening, as after this time it is likely to be contaminated. You may find it helpful to write the date of first opening on the packet. Dispose of carefully, preferably by returning to your pharmacy. The unit dose vials do not contain a preservative and are for single use only.

Timoptol eye drops in a metered dose bottle contain the preservative benzalkonium chloride, which can be absorbed by soft contact lenses and cause eye irritation. If you wear soft contact lenses, you should remove them before putting in these eye drops. You should wait at least 15 minutes after using the drops before putting your contact lenses back in.

This medicine may cause temporary blurred vision after you have applied it into the eye(s). If affected, do not drive or operate machinary until this has worn off. You should also take into account that this medicine can sometimes cause other visual disturbances, eg double vision, and dizziness or fatigue, all of which may affect your ability to drive or operate machinary.

People with diabetes should carefully monitor their blood sugar while using this medicine. This medicine may mask the symptoms of low blood sugar, such as increased heart rate, palpitations, sweating, tremor and nausea.

This medicine may increase sensitivity to substances which cause allergy and the seriousness of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis). People who experience an anaphylactic reaction while taking this medicine may need larger than normal doses of adrenaline to treat the reaction. Seek further medical advice from your doctor if you have a history of allergy.

While using this medicine you should have regular eye examinations.

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Use with caution in
A problem common in the elderly, related to poor control of the working of the heart (sick sinus syndrome)
Slowed conduction of electrical messages between the chambers of the heart (1st degree heart block)
History of severe heart disease
Increase in the acidity of the blood (metabolic acidosis)
Hyperthyroidism
Diabetes
History of allergies
History of severe allergic reactions (anaphylaxis)
Psoriasis
Abnormal muscle weakness (myaesthenia gravis)

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Not to be used in
Allergy to beta-blockers
History of asthma
History of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)
Slow heart rate caused by the pacemaker of the heart (sinus bradycardia)
Serious defect in the heart's electrical message pathways resulting in decreased function of the heart (2nd or 3rd degree heart block)
Heart failure
Failure of the heart to maintain adequate circulation of blood (cardiogenic shock)
A severe form of angina pectoris, not caused by exertion (Prinzmetal's angina)
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Narrowing of the blood vessels in the hands, causing numb and painful fingers (Raynaud's disease)
Severe disturbance of blood circulation in the extremities
Untreated tumour of the adrenal gland (phaeochromocytoma).
This medicine is not recommended for children.

This medicine should not be used if you are allergic to one or any of its ingredients. Please inform your doctor or pharmacist if you have previously experienced such an allergy.If you feel you have experienced an allergic reaction, stop using this medicine and inform your doctor or pharmacist immediately.

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Pregnancy and Breastfeeding
Certain medicines should not be used during pregnancy or breastfeeding. However, other medicines may be safely used in pregnancy or breastfeeding providing the benefits to the mother outweigh the risks to the unborn baby. Always inform your doctor if you are pregnant or planning a pregnancy, before using any medicine.

This medicine is not recommended for use in pregnancy unless considered essential by your doctor. If the medicine is continued until delivery, the baby's heart rate and blood sugar should be carefully monitored for the first three to five days following birth. Seek medical advice from your doctor.

This medicine passes into breast milk and may cause a slow heart rate or low blood sugar in a nursing infant. It is recommended that women who need to use this medicine should not breastfeed their infants. Seek medical advice from your doctor.

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Side effects
Medicines and their possible side effects can affect individual people in different ways. The following are some of the side effects that are known to be associated with this medicine. Because a side effect is stated here, it does not mean that all people using this medicine will experience that or any side effect.

Blurred vision
Inflammation of the membrane that lines the inside of the eyelids and outside of the eyeball, causing redness and discharge (conjunctivitis)
Inflammation of the eyelids (blepharitis)
Inflammation of the cornea (keratitis)
Dry eyes
Double vision
Drooping of the upper eyelid (ptosis)
Headache
Fatigue
Chest pain
Allergic skin reactions
Disturbed sleep
Depression
Low blood pressure (hypotension)
Dizziness
Cold hands and feet
Slow heart rate (bradycardia)
Disturbances of the gut, such as nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, indigestion
Heart block or heart failure
Shortness of breath (dyspnoea)

The side effects listed above may not include all of the side effects reported by the drug's manufacturer.For more information about any other possible risks associated with this medicine, please read the information provided with the medicine or consult your doctor or pharmacist.

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How can this medicine affect other medicines?
The timolol in these eye drops can be absorbed into the bloodstream after application to the eye and it may therefore interact with other medicines that you are taking. It is important to tell your doctor or pharmacist what medicines you are already taking, including those bought without a prescription and herbal medicines, before you start treatment with this medicine. Similarly, check with your doctor or pharmacist before taking any new medicines while using this one, to ensure that the combination is safe.

If you are using more than one type of eye drop you should administer them at least five minutes apart, to prevent the second drop washing away the first.

This medicine should not generally be used in combination with the following medicines:

amiodarone
beta-blocker medicines taken by mouth, eg atenolol, propranolol
calcium channel blockers such as bepridil, diltiazem, nifedipine or verapamil.
If this medicine is used by people taking calcium channel blockers such as nifedipine, there may be an increased risk of slow heart rate, low blood pressure or heart failure.

If this medicine is used with any of the following there may be an increased risk of slow heart rate:

anti-arrhythmic medicines, eg quinidine or disopyramide
digoxin.
If this medicine is used with clonidine, there is a risk of a rebound increase in blood pressure if the clonidine is stopped suddenly. If the clonidine needs to be stopped, this medicine should be stopped several days before slowly stopping the clonidine.

In people with diabetes, timolol can prolong the lowering of blood sugar (hypoglycaemia) caused by insulin or other antidiabetic medicines. People with diabetes should monitor their blood sugar, as timolol can also mask the signs of hypoglycaemia.

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 详细处方信息以本药内容附件PDF文件(201041321363717.pdf)的“原文Priscribing Information”为准
---------------------------------------------------------------

于2010年4月14日更新

更新日期: 2010-4-14
附件:
 
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